Background study in which soil types and load-bearing capacity of the land are studied, so planners can help assure the highest and best use of land can be achieved is called:

• A. Population study.
• B. Economic base analysis study.
• C. Thoroughfare study.
• D. Physiographic study.

Answer: (D)

Physiography involves evaluating the land’s physical characteristics to determine how it can be used. In planning, a physiographic study looks at soil types, load-bearing capacity, slopes, drainage, and other natural features to judge what kinds of development the land can safely support. This helps ensure the highest and best use by aligning development with the land’s physical constraints and potentials. The other studies focus on people (population), economic activity (economic base), or infrastructure networks (throughfare) rather than the land’s physical suitability.